Ekonomin stoppar ny kärnkraft...

Ekonomin stoppar ny kärnkraft
Av: Anders Wallerius

Publicerad 13 november 2009 13:26

Det finns tre skäl för att inga nya kärnkraftverk kommer att byggas. Det skriver Citigroups analysavdelning som svar på brittiska regeringens planer på tio nya kärnkraftverk i England.

Reaktorbygget Olkiluoto 3 har blivit dyrare än beräknat.
Kostnaderna för bygge och drift är alldeles för höga, och elpriset alldeles för lågt, för att planerna ska vara ekonomiskt realistiska. Ingen privat finansiär borde satsa på kärnkraft, vilket den brittiska regeringen vill, skriver finansanalytikerna i sin rapport.
Kärnkraften medför fem stora ekonomiska risker.

Två av dem, kostnaderna för planering och avveckling, kan staten ta ansvar för. Myndigheterna kan jämna vägen för tillstånd och markköp, och kostnaderna för avveckling samt avfallshanteringen betalas med skatt på elproduktionen.
Men bygg- och driftskostnader får de privata finansiärerna ensamma stå för. Liksom risken för ett lågt elpris.
De senaste uppskattningarna pekar på att ett kärnkraftsbygge kostar mellan 2 500 och 3 500 euro per kilowatt, vilket motsvarar upp till 5,6 miljarder euro (cirka 56 miljarder kronor) för ett verk på 1 600 megawatt. Citigroups analytiker ser liten möjlighet att kostnaderna blir lägre än så, men stor risk för att de blir högre.

Exempelvis har kostnaderna för bygget av ny kärnkraft i Finland redan ökat från planerade 3,0 miljarder euro till 5,3 miljarder euro. En så stor kostnadsökning kan få det mest solida företag att gå i konkurs, menar analytikerna.
Driftskostnaderna består till allra största delen av fasta kostnader. Det innebär att ett driftavbrott får stora ekonomiska konsekvenser. Ett halvårs stillestånd, av tekniska eller administrativa skäl, kostar 100 miljoner pund (1,1 miljarder kronor) i rena kostnader och intäktsbortfall. Det är en alldeles för stor risk för ett företag.
Ett tillräckligt högt elpris, under lång tid, skulle kunna uppväga de stora fasta kostnaderna. Beräkningar visar att kärnelen från ett nybyggt verk kostar 65 euro per megawattimme (65 öre/kWh). Under de senaste 115 månaderna har det engelska elpriset legat på den nivån bara under 20 månader. Det innebär en risk som ingen privat finansiär borde ta, skriver Citigroups analytiker.
Slutsatsen är att Citigoup aldrig skulle rekommendera någon privat finansiär att investera i kärnkraftverk.

Ur ekonomisk synpunkt går det bara att bygga kärnkraft om staten står som byggherre eller finansiell garant.

Tack Mats!

Statliga Vattenfall - du och jag - investerar i engelsk kärnkraft

New Nukes
Sweden’s biggest energy company is eyeing a possible multibillion-pound investment in Britain’s nuclear power industry. Vattenfall, Europe’s fifth-largest electricity utility, is considering acquiring a stake in EDF’s project to construct four new reactors in the UK at Hinkley Point in Somerset and Sizewell in Suffolk. EDF, the nuclear power company that is 82 per cent owned by the French Government, is keen to sell part of its stake in the project to help to cut its €36.8 billion (£34.4 billion) debt pile, amassed during an acquisition spree last year.
Times 15th Oct 2009
http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/article6875425.ece

Swedes prepare to snap up stake in Britain’s new nuclear reactorshttp://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/article6875425.ece

Utsläpp i havet...

KLOTET i P1 TOG IDAG UPP FRÅGAN OM KÄRNKRAFTSAVFALLET!
De berättade att La Hague, upparbetningsanläggning, har en 4 km lång ledning ut i havet, där de leder ut sitt avfall! Det är inte olagligt. Det är bara att dumpa tunnorna i havet som är olagligt!
Sellafield lär ha en likadan ledning.
Uppgifterna kom fram i en fransk film, som ska visas i tysk TV nästa vecka.

Life on the nuclear shortlist

Life on the nuclear shortlist
By Rachael Howorth Open Country, Radio 4

As the thundering hooves of her enormous Clydesdale horses crash into the surf it is easy to see why Annie Rose brought her business to the Cumbrian coast.
Running Britain's only stables specializing in offering rides on Clydesdale and Shire horses, she guides riders from the peaks of the Lake District to the beach at Kirksanton.
Bringing her powerful horse to a halt, she reflects on the shock so many locals felt when this tiny village was named as one of the potential sites for a new generation of nuclear power stations.
"It would be directly where we are now and you can just imagine the impact this would have," she says.
Skilled jobs

Eleven sites were short-listed by the government for development. Nine were next to existing reactors; just two were greenfield sites, at Braystones and Kirksanton, both in West Cumbria.
NOMINATED NUCLEAR SITES
Bradwell, Essex
Braystones, Cumbria
Dungeness, Kent
Hartlepool
Heysham, Lancashire
Hinkley Point, Somerset
Kirksanton, Cumbria
Oldbury, South Gloucestershire
Sellafield, Cumbria
Sizewell, Suffolk
Wylfa, north Wales

(På bilden till hö: Sellafield)

Map of nominated new sites
The prospect of skilled jobs coming to this isolated region appeals to some in the area, but many of those running small businesses in Kirksanton fear for their future.
Pauline Preston's garden would back directly onto the power plant if it were to go ahead.
She operates a horticultural business supplying ornamental grasses to the major flower shows at Chelsea and Hampton Court.
Pauline believes that initial plans for the two types of reactors which are currently undergoing testing suggest that her garden and those of her neighbours, "when it's low sun… will be in complete shade".
'Fallback option'
Carl Carter is the researcher for local Labour MP Jamie Reid. He is convinced that the power station "is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for this area to become economically sustainable".
"If the power station were to go ahead - there would be the opportunity for well-paid, highly-skilled jobs… for the young people of this area to get meaningful work, good qualifications, develop local skills and grow our economy," he says.

Nearby Sellafield has the longest nuclear history of any UK community
While understanding the reasons for people wanting to stop the development, he says: "It's exquisitely beautiful - but we can't live on views."
However, he suggests that the Kirksanton site is really a fallback option to be used only if the site of the existing nuclear facilities at Sellafield, 20 miles up the coast, proves impossible to build on.
Maggie Cummings, who owns holiday accommodation in the village, says she cannot rely on the idea that Kirksanton is not the preferred Cumbrian option - and plans to keep fighting until the future of her business and her village is secure.
"If it can happen here, in what is a relatively unknown and spectacular area of outstanding beauty, then it can happen anywhere else up and down the country. So, for those people out there who live in a very similar site to us; unspoilt, dramatic, quiet - beware!"
Helen Mark visits Kirksanton for 'Open Country' on BBC Radio 4 on Saturday 22 August at 0607 GMT and Thursday 27 August at 1500 BST.

BBC News

Läckor tystas oftast ner...

Terry Macalister and Rob Edwards
The Observer, Sunday 21 June 2009
Article history
The scale of safety problems inside Britain's nuclear power stations has been revealed for the first time in a secret report obtained by the Observer that shows more than 1,750 leaks, breakdowns or other "events" over the past seven years.
The damning document, written by the government's chief nuclear inspector, Mike Weightman, and released under the Freedom of Information Act, raises serious questions about the dangers of expanding the industry with a new generation of atomic plants. And it came as the managers of the UK's biggest plant, Sellafield, admitted they had finally halted a radioactive leak many believe has been going on for 50 years.
The report discloses that between 2001-08 there were 1,767 safety incidents across Britain's nuclear plants. About half were subsequently judged by inspectors as serious enough "to have had the potential to challenge a nuclear safety system". They were "across all areas of existing nuclear plant", including Sellafield in Cumbria and Aldermaston and Burghfield in Berkshire, says Weightman, chief inspector of the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII).
In an accident at Sizewell A in Suffolk in January 2007, cooling water leaked from a pond containing highly radioactive spent fuel. The operator was not prosecuted for breaching safety rules, according to the NII's official investigation, partly because NII resources were "stretched".
In May 2007 a manhole at Dounreay in northern Scotland was found to be contaminated with plutonium. A series of other incidents occurred at Sellafield, including a fault with a trap door meant to provide protection from highly radioactive waste in September 2008, and the contamination of five workers at a plutonium fuel plant in January 2007.
A spokesman for Sellafield confirmed last night it had successfully halted the seeping of liquid from a crack in one of four waste tanks that used to process effluent before it was discharged into the Irish Sea. Some local residents say it started half a century ago.
In January, Weightman sent a 37-page report to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Marked "restricted", it lays bare the crisis afflicting the regulation of the British nuclear industry.
The NII has had to oversee such problems despite an acute shortage of experienced staff. It admits to being 26 inspectors short of the 192 it needs to regulate existing facilities, and its ratio of inspectors to nuclear plant is a third of the international average and far below that of Mexico, Spain or South Korea.
To assess new reactor designs, Weightman says he needs a further 36 inspectors, to bring the complement up to 228 by 2011. But he has "struggled" to recruit new staff and the "lack of build-up of resources to date" could jeopardise the government's target date of 2017 for deploying new reactors.
Weightman says the NII faces "major challenges" to ensure old nuclear plants are run or dismantled safely at the same time as checking new plants are safe to build because of staff shortages. He proposes possible collaboration with China on assessing new reactor designs, hiring French inspectors on secondment and greater use of third-party contractors.
The HSE wants to streamline the assessment of new reactor designs by waiving certain aspects through a series of "exclusions". A recent consultation document circulated by Kevin Allars, director of new nuclear build generic design assessment at the HSE, suggests allowing reactor designs to be agreed with certain "exclusions" and "conditions" that could be revisited later.
Emma Gibson, senior climate and energy campaigner at Greenpeace, has rejected this course of action. In a letter to Allars, she writes: "We do not agree that a regulator should, even in an informal voluntary process, approve any part of the design, 'excluding' features which may be vital to its safety. The risk is that this will bypass or emasculate essential stages in the regulatory process."
The HSE said last night that the NII was continuing to "fulfil its regulatory duties" and was upping the number of inspectors and bringing in appropriately experienced technical support contractors to increase regulatory resources.
"The UK approach to nuclear safety regulation is different to most countries. Rather than employing large numbers of staff to set regulations for the industry to comply with, NII sets general targets for the industry (reducing risks as low as reasonably practicable) which it then regulates through ... issuing licences with strict safety conditions attached."
It said the proposed use of exclusions was no different from the proportionate approach NII had always taken with its regulation of new projects.
But it is not only environmentalists who have expressed concerns. "Britain's nuclear inspectors are facing serious problems with serious implications," said an independent nuclear engineer, John Large. "Some of these incidents were potentially disastrous. We already have evidence that their staffing crisis is compromising their regulation of nuclear safety. Without a strong and effective regulator, the risk of a large release of radioactivity increases."
But John McNamara, the spokesman for the 175-member Nuclear Industry Association, still argues that the industry's safety record is "second to none". There was a "highly professional and transparent regulatory approach", he said. "A thorough review into nuclear regulatory resourcing as part of the government's policy on delivering new nuclear build is under way."

Tjernobylkatastrofen 23 år senare

Miljöpartiet de gröna
Frukostseminarium 22 april:
Har kärnkraften hälsorisker?
2009-04-02 16:22
Miljöpartiet de Gröna inbjuder till frukostseminarium onsdag 22 april 2009, kl. 08.00 - 09.30 i partimatsalen i riksdagen Har kärnkraften hälsorisker? Ett miniseminarium med Professor Chris Busby, University of Ulster, Nordirland - till minne av 23-årsdagen av Tjernobylolyckan den 26 April 1986.
Ett antal studier från flera olika länder visar att cancerfrekvenser är högre bland dem som bor inom fem kilometer omkrets från kärnkraftsanläggningar än i resten av befolkningen.
Den forskning som Chris Busby bedrivit under tjugo års tid visar att rutinutsläpp av radioaktivt material från kärnkraftsanläggningar kan kopplas till det ökade antalet cancerfall. Bevisen tyder på att den modell för strålningsrisk som används av myndigheter i olika länder vid godkännande av kärnanlägningar underskattar hälsoriskerna.
Även hälsoeffekterna efter Tjernobylkatastrofen stöder denna slutsats.
Professor Chris Busby presenterar på frukostseminariet resultat av sin forskning och diskuterar kopplingen mellan kärnkraft och hälsa. Dr. Chris Busby är Professor vid School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Nordirland. Han har studerat hälsoeffekter av strålning i över 20 år. Han är vetenskaplig sekreterare vid The European Committee on Radiation Risk (ECRR). I februari i år publicerades hans senaste bok "Chernobyl: 20 years on" En full lista över hans publikationer finns på: http://www.greenaudit.org/publications.htm.
Seminariet kommer att hållas på engelska.
Miljöpartiet bjuder på kaffe/te och smörgås för alla som anmäler sig senast 21 april till per.bolund@riksdagen.se
För mer information om Professor Busbys besök i Sverige, kontakta Miles Goldstick, Informationssekreterare vid Miljörörelsens kärnavfallssekretariat, Milkas, e-mail: info@milkas.se, tel. 08-559 22 382 / 018 36 82 34, mobil 070 29 89 747.
Vänliga hälsningar Per BolundRiksdagsledamot (mp)
Ledamot NäringsutskottetRiksdagen 100 12 Stockholm
Telefon: 08-786 43 46Mobil: 070-580 00 19e-mail: per.bolund@riksdagen.se